Dental implants have become the gold standard for replacing missing teeth, offering patients a durable, functional, and aesthetically pleasing solution. While there are various types of implant treatments, single dental implants remain among the most common and fundamental procedures performed by clinicians. In this guide, we’ll highlight key insights that dental professionals and students can benefit from as they refine their skills and understanding.
1. Pre-Treatment Assessment and Planning
Comprehensive Evaluation: The first step in any implant procedure is an in-depth evaluation of the patient’s oral and overall health. This includes a review of medical history, assessment of systemic conditions, and a clinical evaluation of the oral cavity. Special attention should be paid to any factors that could impact osseointegration or wound healing, such as diabetes or smoking habits.
Radiographic Analysis: Imaging is a critical aspect of implant planning. Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans offer a 3D visualization, allowing precise assessment of bone volume, density, and anatomical landmarks like the inferior alveolar nerve or maxillary sinus. These images help in determining the exact angulation, depth, and position of the implant.
Treatment Planning and Patient Communication: Using the diagnostic information, clinicians develop a customized treatment plan. This plan outlines the implant’s size, type, and position while considering the patient’s esthetic and functional needs. Effective communication with the patient ensures they understand the timeline, possible complications, and expected outcomes, promoting a smoother treatment experience.
2. Surgical Placement of the Implant
Surgical Guides: Surgical guides, either fabricated through digital planning or conventional methods, ensure that implants are placed precisely according to the planned position. Digital workflows are increasingly preferred for their accuracy, especially in complex cases.
Implant Placement Procedure: The surgical procedure generally involves the following steps:
- Anesthesia and Incision: Local anesthesia is administered, followed by an incision in the gingiva to expose the underlying bone.
- Osteotomy Preparation: Sequential drills are used to create an osteotomy of the appropriate diameter and depth. Careful control is essential to avoid overheating the bone, which can lead to implant failure.
- Implant Insertion: The dental implant is inserted using either a torque-controlled handpiece or manually with a ratchet. Primary stability is crucial at this stage for successful osseointegration.
- Healing Cap or Cover Screw Placement: Depending on whether immediate loading or delayed loading is planned, either a healing cap or cover screw is placed, followed by suturing the gingival tissues.
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